| 表观遗传变异及其在作物改良中的应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 江静,钱前,马伯军,高振宇. 表观遗传变异及其在作物改良中的应用[J]. 遗传, 2014, 36(5): 469-475. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2014.0469 |
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| 作者姓名： | 江静 钱前 马伯军 高振宇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院, 金华 321004; 2. 中国水稻研究所, 水稻生物学国家重点实验室, 杭州 310006 |
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| 基金项目： | 浙江省杰出青年基金项目(编号:LR12C06001)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 天然植物群体中存在着大量的遗传变异, 包括遗传物质改变和表观遗传变异, 它们是物种赖以生存和进化的源泉。表观遗传变异不涉及DNA序列的改变或者蛋白表达的变化, 但可以通过有丝分裂和(或)减数分裂实现世代间的稳定遗传。文章主要从表观遗传变异的重要来源--植物远缘杂交及多倍体化、环境中各种生物和非生物胁迫两方面, 总结了表观遗传在作物改良中的应用, 分析了它的局限性和存在的问题, 并且提出了相应的解决方法。
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| 关 键 词： | 表观遗传变异 环境胁迫 远缘杂交 作物改良 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-12-05 |
Epigenetic variation and its application in crop improvement |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China |
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| Abstract: | Heritable variations in natural populations, including genetic variation and epigenetic variation, are the motivation for adaptation and evolution of plant species. Germplasm can be transferred stably from generation to generation by mitosis and/or meiosis without alteration in DNA sequence and protein expression. Here, two important sources of epigenetic variation, distant hybridization and polyploidy, and various biotic and abiotic stresses, are introduced. The application of epigenetic variation in crop improvement and its limitation, as well as optional solutions, are also summarized. |
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| Keywords: | epigenetic variation stress distant hybridization crop improvement |
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