Wildlife hazard assessment for Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport |
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| Authors: | Wendy Servoss Richard M Engeman Steven Fairaizl John L Cummings N Paige Groninger |
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| Institution: | 1. USDA/APHIS/WS 2224 W. Desert Cove, #209, Phoenix, AZ 85029, USA;2. National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Fort Collins, CO 80521-2154, USA;1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2. Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, China;3. Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal Ecology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden;4. Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7007, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden;5. Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China;6. State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Department of Ecology/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;7. Medium Altitude Experimental Station, Endemic Species Research Institute, Chichi, 15, Nantou 552, Taiwan, China;1. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA;2. Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 206 CIPS, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;3. Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, 278 Giltner, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;4. United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 2110 Miriam Circle, Suite B, Bismarck, ND 58501, USA;1. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Ohio Field Station, 6100 Columbus Avenue, Sandusky, OH 44870, USA;2. P.O. Box 155, Put-in-Bay, OH 43456, USA;1. Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China;2. Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University, OX1 3QY, UK;3. Biobased Chemistry and Technology Group, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands;4. Environmental Economics and Natural Resources Group, Wageningen University & Research, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN, Wageningen, the Netherlands;5. Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China;6. School of Public Policy and Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China;7. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Science, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China;8. School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK;1. College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, YangZhou University, YangZhou, Jiangsu 225002, People’s Republic of China;2. Guangling College, Yangzhou University, YangZhou, Jiangsu 225009, People’s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | We examined wildlife abundance, distribution, and movement patterns at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport (PHX) and within an 8-km radius to assess current air-strike hazards, and to provide baseline information for projecting changes in air-strike hazards as land-use patterns around PHX change. We found that water sources at or near PHX especially induced wildlife movement patterns that put air traffic at risk. This was particularly true of the Salt River bed adjacent to the airport, which also is a natural flight corridor for birds. Compounding the problem, air traffic at PHX was the heaviest when bird abundance and activity was the greatest during migration and breeding. We feel that air strike hazards at PHX are likely to increase substantially as the Salt River bed is reclaimed to produce additional lakes and high quality riparian habitat. We offer recommendations to reduce the hazard levels currently found at PHX and to reduce additional hazards as the habitat around PHX is converted and produces more attractive wildlife habitat. |
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