铜绿假单胞菌医院感染分布及耐药性分析

目的探讨铜绿假单胞菌临床分离株的感染分布情况及其抗生素的耐药情况，指导临床合理用药。方法对我院2006年1月至2008年6月住院患者分离的铜绿假单胞菌进行抗生素敏感性测定，采用API系统及VITEK2系统进行细菌鉴定，用K-B法进行药敏试验及结果观察。结果216例院内感染铜绿假单胞菌病例中，从痰标本中分离的菌株最多，阳性率为45．4％；铜绿假单胞菌对头孢噻肟、复方新诺明、头孢哌酮的耐药率较高，分别为88％、86．1％和85．2％，对美洛培南的敏感性最高达到94％。结论铜绿假单胞菌是医院病原菌感染的主要致病菌之一，加强细菌和药敏监测，选择敏感性强的药物，避免广谱抗菌药物的长期应用，是延缓耐药菌株增加的有效办法。

The distribution and antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aerugirosa

Objective To investigate the distribution of Pseudomonas aeruginesa （PA） and its antibiotic resistance profiles in order to provide reliable reference for rational clinical use of drugs. Method The data were collected from the patients infected by P. aeruginosa in our hospital from January 2006 to June 2008. P. aeruginosa was identified by API and VITEK2 system, and its antimicrobial resistance was determined by Kirby-Bauer method and VITEK2 system. Result P. aeruginosa isolates separated from sputum specimens were predominant, with the positive rate of 45.4%. The resistance rate of P. aeruginosa to Cefotaxim was the highest （88%）, followed by Trimesulf （86.1%） and Cefoperazone （85. 2% ）. The susceptibility rate to Meropenem was the highest at 94.0%. Conclusion P. aeruginosa is one of the main pathogens causing hospital infections. It is strongly recommended that the surveillance of bacterial resistance be strengthened and drugs with high antibacterial activity be chosen while avoiding long-term administration of broad spectrum antibiotics in order to effectively slow down the occurance of more resistant strains.