Fungal pathogen (mis-) identifications: A case study with DNA barcodes on Melampsora rusts of aspen and white poplar |
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| Authors: | Nicolas Feau Agathe Vialle Mathieu Allaire Philippe Tanguay David L Joly Pascal Frey Brenda E Callan Richard C Hamelin |
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| Institution: | 1. Laurentian Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 1055 du PEPS, PO Box 10380, Stn. Sainte-Foy, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 4C7;2. Centre d''étude de la forêt, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1K 7P4;3. INRA, Nancy-Université, UMR1136, Interactions Arbres – Microorganismes, 54280 Champenoux, France;4. Pacific Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, BC, Canada V8Z 1M5;1. State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, 510070, China;2. South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Plant Pathology Herbarium, Biosecurity Queensland, Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, Qld 4102, Australia;1. The Forestry Institute, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;2. Dianga Forestry Station of Diebu Forestry Bureau, Forestry Administration Bureau of Bailong River, Gansu 747400, China;3. Museum of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;4. Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China;5. Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan;1. ANSES Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité de Mycologie, IFR110 EFABA, Domaine de Pixérécourt, BP 90059, 54220 Malzéville, France;2. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, 1055 du PEPS, Stn. Sainte-Foy, P.O. Box 10380, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 4C7;3. INRA, UMR1136, ‘Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes’, IFR110 EFABA, Centre INRA de Nancy, 54280 Champenoux, France;4. Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 ‘Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes’, IFR110 EFABA, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France;1. Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan;2. The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;4. Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China |
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| Abstract: | Wide variation and overlap in morphological characters have led to confusion in species identification within the fungal rust genus Melampsora. The Melampsora species with uredinial–telial stages on white poplar and aspens are especially prone to misidentification. This group includes the Melampsora populnea species complex and the highly destructive pine twisting rust, Melampsora pinitorqua, which alternates between hosts in Populus section Populus and Pinus. Our objective was to compare morphologically based identification to genetic material extracted from Melampsora species pathogenic to aspen and white poplar. We compared morphometric traits and DNA barcodes obtained from internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large ribosomal RNA subunit (28S), and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) sequences to delimit within this taxonomically difficult group. Eight different Melampsora species were initially defined based on host specificity and morphometric data. DNA barcodes were then overlaid on these initial species definitions. The DNA barcodes, specifically those defined on ITS and 28S sequences, provided a highly accurate means of identifying and resolving Melampsora taxa. We highlighted species misidentification in specimens from Canadian herbaria related to either Melampsora medusae f. sp. tremuloidae or Melampsora aecidioides. Finally, we evidenced that the north-American species found on Populus alba, M. aecidioides is closely related but distinct from the four species of the M. populnea complex (Melampsora larici-tremulae, Melampsora magnusiana, Melampsora pinitorqua, and Melampsora rostrupii) found in Eurasia. |
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