海洋生物多样性损害与沿海地区经济增长关系实证研究

海洋生物多样性是海洋生态系统服务的基础，保护海洋生物多样性不仅对维持地球生态系统的功能至关重要，也与人类福祉密切相关。基于沿海11个省区生态系统亚健康程度指标和物种多样性损害指标，运用面板回归模型对中国沿海地区经济增长与海洋生物多样性损害的关系进行实证考察。研究结果表明：(1)海洋生态系统亚健康程度与沿海地区经济增长之间存在显著的线性关系，随着经济增长，典型海洋生态系统亚健康状态占比呈现出持续上升趋势。此外，实施排污费制度和建立海洋自然保护区有利于抑制海洋生态系统的恶化。(2)海洋物种多样性损害与沿海地区经济增长之间存在显著“倒U”型关系，随着经济增长，海洋物种多样性损害呈现先上升后下降的态势，转折点为人均GDP 45145元，目前海南省、广西壮族自治区、河北省未跨过转折点。此外，排污费制度有利于抑制海洋物种多样性损害，而沿海地区目前的产业结构加重了海洋物种多样性损害。根据实证分析结果，海洋生态系统健康尚未出现拐点，沿海地区经济增长如果建立在对生态环境破坏的基础上，则势必会造成生物多样性的损害。因此从规范海域利用方式，完善海岸生态保护红线划定，加强生态系统的监测与管理，保持绿色可持续的...

Empirical research on the relationship between marine biodiversity damage and economic growth in coastal areas, China

Marine biodiversity is fundamental to the provision of Marine ecosystem services. Protecting Marine biodiversity is not only essential to the functioning of the earth''s ecosystems, but also closely related to human well-being. Based on the indicators of Marine ecosystem health and species diversity damage in China''s coastal provinces, this paper use panel regression model to analyze the relationship between economic growth and Marine biodiversity damage in China''s coastal areas. The results showed that:(1) there is a significant linear relationship between the sub-health degree of Marine ecosystems and the economic growth in coastal areas. With the economic growth, the sub-health status of typical Marine ecosystems has a continuous upward trend. In addition, the implementation of pollution charge system and the establishment of Marine nature reserves are conducive to suppress the deterioration of Marine ecosystem. (2) There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the damage of Marine species diversity and the economic growth of coastal areas. The turning point was 45,145 yuan per capita GDP. With economic growth, the damage of Marine species diversity increase first and then decrease. From the perspective of time trajectory, the inflection point of species diversity damage corresponds to the time stage from 2009 to 2010. From the perspective of spatial distribution, Hainan province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Hebei Province are still in the rising part of the curve, The economic growth level of Shandong, Liaoning, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Guangdong and Fujian provinces has passed the inflection point value, those provinces are in the curve decline stage. The pollution charge system is beneficial to suppress the Marine species diversity damage, but the current industrial structure in coastal areas aggravate the Marine species diversity damage. According to the results of empirical analysis, we know that if the economic growth is based on the destruction of the ecological environment, it is bound to cause damage to biodiversity. Even though there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between Marine species diversity and economic growth in coastal areas, there is still no inflection point between economic growth and Marine ecosystem health, so the sub-health of Marine ecosystem may further lead to the loss of Marine biodiversity, forming a vicious circle. some suggestions are put forward to protect and manage Marine biodiversity:(1) we should strengthen biodiversity protection, broaden the ways of Marine biodiversity protection, and ensure the diversity of Marine biodiversity protection methods;(2) we should maintain a green and sustainable pattern of economic development and promote industrial restructuring and upgrading. meanwhile, we should guide the smart growth of coastal areas and prevent the occupation of coastal wetlands and large-scale reclamation of land due to blind pursuit of economic growth.