Ecological observations on mangroves of the Red Sea shores of the Sudan

An ecological survey of the mangrove vegetation in the littoral salt marshes of the Red Sea coast of the Sudan was made during short periods between 1980 and 1982.Avicennia marina (Forsk) Vierh occurs in pure stands of different dimensions in four types of locations. In each location, the responses of Avicennia are expressed in the degree of compactness of aggregation, canopy, height and regeneration potential. Grazing by camels is the primary agent in degradation of accessible locations; salt pans and to a limited extend cutting contribute in part to the process of degradation. The badly damaged aggregations may benefit from protection through control of grazing by nomadic camel tribesmen.