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Soybean somatic embryogenesis: Effects of hormones and culture manipulations
Authors:Paul A Lazzeri  David F Hildebrand  Glenn B Collins
Affiliation:(1) Department of Agronomy, University of Kentucky, 40546-0091 Lexington, KY, USA;(2) Present address: Max-Planck-Institut, D-5000 Köln 30, BRD
Abstract:Somatic embryos were induced in cultures of immature soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) embryos, or isolated cotyledons on MS modified medium supplemented with NAA and 2,4-D, BAP and ABA. When NAA and 2,4-D were compared at similar concentrations (25 and 23 mgrM), 2,4-D produced larger number of somatic embryos, however, embryogenesis efficiency was improved in media containing NAA by using higher levels (100–150 mgrM) of the auxin. Somatic embryo morphology varied with auxin type: NAA-induced embryos more closely resembled zygotic embryos than did 2,4-D-induced embryos. Additions of BAP or ABA to auxin-containing media had either no effect or reduced embryo production, although ABA altered the morphology of 2,4-D-induced embryos. In media containing both NAA and 2,4-D, the latter was dominant in terms of embryo morphology. The effects of subculture frequency and of transfers between 2,4-D and NAA media were investigated: Subculture frequency influenced mainly the frequency of normal embryos, while preculture on 2,4-D increased subsequent embryogenesis efficiency on NAA medium but reduced the frequency of normal embryos.Abbreviations mgrEm-2 s-1 microEinsteins per square meter per second - NAA agr-naphthalene acetic acid - 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid - ABA abscisic acid - BAP benzylamino purine This paper (No. 86-3-96), is published with the approval of the director of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station.
Keywords:soybean  somatic embryogenesis  hormones  tissue culture  embryo morphology  plant regeneration
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