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Ichtyotoxic activity of extracts from Mexican marine macroalgae
Authors:Graciela De Lara-Isassi  Sergio Álvarez-Hernández  Ligia Collado-Vides
Affiliation:(1) Departamento de Hidrobiología, Laboratorio de Ficología Aplicada., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Apartado Postal 55-535, 09340, D. F., México;(2) Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Ficología., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-620, Coyoacán, 04510, D. F., México
Abstract:Seventy-three species of macroalgae from the Mexican Pacific, Atlantic and Caribbean coast were screened for ichtyotoxic activity. Ethanolic, acetonic and aqueous extracts were prepared and tested against the fish Carassius auratus. The extracts were classified on the basis of their effects as: toxic if the fish died in two hours or less; moderately toxic, if the organism behaved abnormally but death did notoccur, and non-toxic if the fish did not display any change. 79% species were ichtyotoxic to some degree. Extracts of 39 species were toxic, with at least one extract with lethal effects, 19 were moderately toxic and 15 species were non-toxic. Only the extracts ofDictyota bartayresiana, Dictyota cervicornis,Lobophora variegata, Bryothamnion triquetrum and Laurencia obtusa were toxic in all three solvents. The acetone and ethanol extracts were more active, and therefore are more suitable for extraction of toxic substances. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.
Keywords:ichtyotoxicity  macroalgae  marine algae  México  seaweed  toxic extracts  toxicity
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