益生菌在血糖调控中的作用

随着经济及生活水平的提高，营养过剩导致营养代谢疾病中2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes mellitus，T2DM）发生率骤增。患者血糖升高及并发症严重降低生活质量，增加经济负担。现行降糖药存在局限性和副作用，而益生菌具有安全、经济和有效等特点，并且能够降血糖和减轻并发症等。益生菌在糖尿病预防、治疗和重塑肠道微生态健康方面具有良好的应用前景，逐渐成为糖尿病防治的研究热点。虽然益生菌有望攻克糖尿病，但是调控血糖的机制需要更加深入的研究。本文综述了益生菌调控血糖的应用及机制研究、发展趋势与前景及挑战，为调控血糖微生态制剂的开发提供理论基础。

The role of probiotics in blood glucose regulation

As the economic level and living standards are rising, the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a nutritional metabolic disease caused by overnutrition, has increased sharply. The elevated blood glucose level and complications seriously affect the quality of life of the patients and bring economic burden to the family. The drug treatment of T2DM has limitations and side effects. Although T2DM is difficult to be cured, some new therapies for regulating blood glucose have emerged with the deepening of research. Probiotics are safe, economical, and effective, and recent studies have shown that probiotics used alone or in combination with other therapies can lower blood glucose level and alleviate complications. Demonstrating a promising application prospect in the prevention and treatment of T2DM and the remodeling of intestinal microbiota, probiotics have become a hot research spot. While probiotics have the potential to overcome T2DM, the mechanism of probiotics in regulating blood glucose remain to be deciphered. This article reviews the role, application, prospect, and challenges of probiotics in blood glucose regulation, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development of microecological agents for blood glucose regulation in humans and companion animals.