大气CO2浓度和温度升高对作物生理生态的影响

论述了大气CO₂浓度和温度升高下的植物生长、光合作用、产量以及水分养分利用效率等方面的研究进展.未来高CO₂浓度下,光合作用速率有不同程度的提高,生物量和产量增加;气孔导度降低,水分利用效率(WUE)提高;一般地上部分和根系尤其是细根生物量增加,凋落物量随之增加,C/N比率提高,植物残体的腐解速率降低.CO₂浓度升高后,会给根际微生物带来更多的底物,从而提高了微生物活性,加速养分的矿化过程,改善植物的养分状况.

Effect of atmospheric CO2 and temperature increment on crop physiology and ecology

The effect of atmospheric CO₂ and temperature increment on crop growth,photosynthesis,yield,and water and nutrient use efficiency was summarized and discussed in this paper.Under high CO₂ concentration in the future,the photosynthetic rate of crops may be enhanced to some extent,and their biomass and yield may also be increased.Their stomatal conductance may be reduced,while water use efficiency (WUE) may by increased under elevated CO₂ concentration.The aboveground biomass and root production,especially fine root production,will be greatly enhanced,and consequently,litter production increased,C/Nratios increased,plant litter decomposition rates declined under CO₂ enrichment.Plants grown under elevated CO₂ concentration may release more substrate into rhizosphere,which may lead to an increased activity of soil microorganisms,accelerated mineralization of nutrients,and improved nutritional status of the plant.