丁香(Syringa L.)种间杂交幼胚离体培养研究

采用幼胚离体培养方法克服幼胚败育从而直接获得杂种实生苗,对影响丁香幼胚培养成功的各种因子作了较系统的研究.结果表明,丁香幼胚培养的最适培养基为Monnier;最佳糖浓度为50g·L^-1;幼胚在50～60d胚龄时培养最容易成功;加入适量的椰乳、谷氨酰胺或谷氨酸及活性炭可以促进幼胚的萌发和生长.低浓度(0.01mg·L^-1)BA的加入可以提高幼胚的萌发率;NAA浓度以0.01mg·L^-1为最佳.

On hybrid embryo culture in vitro of Syringa L

Syringa L. is the famous ornamental shrub in China, but its embryo always dies before seed mature during cross breeding, and hence, the breeding work is very difficult. The main object of this study is using embryo culture in vitro to get the seedling directly and to improve the succeed rate of cross breeding. The factors that influenced the embryo culture were researched in detail. The results showed that the optimal medium for embryo culture was Monnier, and the second was MSor LS, which meant that the embryo of Syringa needed abundant macro elements and microelements, especially Ca²⁺ and K⁺. The optimal sugar concentration was 50 g·L^-1 . At this level, the sugar could offer enough nutrition and high osmotic pressure for embryo. When the embryo age was 50～60 days, the culture was easy to be succeed. At this time, the cotyledon in ovule began to form, or organ began to differentiation, so, the embryo was very easy to germinate, and the seedling was very easy to form. Proper coconut milk, glutamic acid or glutamine, and activated charcoal could improve the germination and growth of the embryo. When the BA of low concentration (0.01 mg·L^-1) was joined in the medium, the germination rate could be improved. The best NAA concentration was 0.01 mg·L^-1 .