Phytohormones in the formation of crown gall tumors |
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Authors: | Elmar W Weiler Kurt Spanier |
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Institution: | (1) Lehrstuhl für Pflanzenphysiologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Postfach 102148, D-4630 Bochum, Federal Republic of Germany |
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Abstract: | Crown gall tumors were initiated in a variety of plant species by infection with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain B6 and the concomitant changes in the tissue levels of phytohormones, mainly indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins, were analyzed. A comparison was made of these hormones with those produced by virulent and avirulent strains of the bacterium in liquid culture and with those of bacteria-free crown gall callus cultures. Specific radioimmunoassays were employed for hormone determinations. An assay for the quantitation of femto-mol amounts of isopentenyladenosine and related cytokinins was newly developed and is described in detail. The results can be summarized as follows: Virulence in strain B 6 is associated with the ability to release trans-zeatin and increased amounts of IAA into the surrounding environment. In many, but not all plants analyzed, the development of crown gall tumors is also associated with a sharp rise in the levels of trans-zeatin-type zytokinins and IAA (e.g., Euphorbia lathyris, Catharanthus roseus). Crown gall calli growing on hormone-free media varied greatly in their cytokinin levels. In a culture of Nicotiana tabacum, both trans-zeatin and isopentenyladenine or related cytokinins were not detected. Thus, tumor growth cannot be explained on the basis of elevated levels of IAA and/or cytokinins alone.Abbreviations ABA
abscisic acid
- GC-MS
gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy
- HPLC
high pressure liquid chromatography
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- RIA
radioimmunoassay
- TLC
thin layer chromatography
Part 19 in the series Use of immunoassay in plant science |
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Keywords: | Abscic acid Agrobacterium Auxin Crown gall Cytokinin Radioimmunoassay (hormones) |
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