皂荚刺发育过程中形态与结构观察研究

以皂荚实生苗为研究材料，利用扫描电镜、体式显微镜和石蜡切片法观察记录皂荚刺的发育过程，以明确皂荚刺发育过程的形态与结构变化，为皂荚遗传改良、定向栽培以及开发利用提供理论依据和技术指导。结果表明：(1)皂荚刺为枝刺，起源于皂荚幼苗叶腋内分生组织，发育过程与枝条的发育相似。(2)皂荚刺结构呈椭圆形，其木质部具有环纹导管，且木质部生长速度大于韧皮部。(3)皂荚刺的发育时期分为8个时期，依次为无刺期(催芽处理后2 d)、刺原基期(3 d)、鳞叶基本完成期(7 d)、刺分化期(8 d)、刺基本结构形成期(14 d)、刺开始木质化期(30 d)、刺开始褐化期(75 d)和刺完全褐化期(165 d)。

Study on Morphological and Structural Observations of Gleditsia sinensis thorn During Development Process

Gleditsia sinensis seedlings were used as the research materials, and the development process of G. sinensis thorn was observed and recorded by scanning electron microscope, stereomicroscope and paraffin section method, to clarify the morphological and structural changes of G. sinensis thorn during development process, which provides theoretical basis and technical guidance for the development, genetic improvement and utilization and directional cultivation of G. sinensis. The results showed that: (1) the G. sinensis thorn is branch thorn, which originate from axillary meristem of G. sinensis seedling, and the development process is similar to that of the branches. (2) The structure of G. sinensis thorn is elliptical, the xylem has ring thickened vessels, and the growth rate of xylem is greater than that of phloem. (3) The developmental stages of G. sinensis thorn can be divided into 8 stages, there are no thorn stage (2 d after accelerating germination), thorn primordium stage (3 d), scale leaf basically completed stage (7 d), thorn differentiation stage (8 d), thorn basic structure formation stage (14 d), the period that thorn begins to become woody (30 d), the period when the thorn starts to brown (75 d), and the period when the thorn is completely brown (165 d).