The lichen genus caloplaca in polar regions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA;2. AECOM Environment, Fairbanks, AK 99701, USA;3. Institute for Bioscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark;4. Nunavut Department of Environment, Arviat, Nunavut, Canada;5. Institute of Biological Problems of the Cryolithozone, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia;6. Institute of Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143 Münster, Germany;7. The University Centre in Svalbard, PB 156, 9171 Longyearbyen, Norway;8. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninskiy ave., Moscow 119071, Russia;9. ABR, Inc. —Environmental Research & Services, PO Box 80410, Fairbanks, AK 99708, USA;10. Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstraße 2, 48149 Münster, Germany;11. Alaska Ecoscience, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA;12. Landscape Science and Technology, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada;13. Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Popov, 2, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russia;14. Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6-8, 212 Garðabær, Iceland;15. University of Tromsø, Hansine Hansens veg 18, 9019 Tromsø, Norway;p. Natural Resources Canada, 560 Rochester St., Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5K2, Canada;q. Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland;r. Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Bratislava, Slovak Republic;s. Russian Academy of Science, Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the RF Academy of Science, Zolotodolinskaya str., 101, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia |
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| Abstract: | Extensive material of Caloplaca from Arctic and Antarctic regions has been critically examined. A list of 49 species is presented for Arctic regions. They are presumed to have a more or less circumpolar distribution. Twenty-two species are listed from the Antarctic region, but about ten more, probably undescribed species, are present there. About one-third of the species in the Antarctic region are bipolar or widespread in cold regions; these include mainly terricolous and muscicolous species and none of them are maritime. It is assumed that migration of the bipolar or cosmopolitan species has taken place along the Andean mountain chain, whereas the maritime polar species have evolved separately in the two hemispheres. The Caloplaca species of the Antarctic region are provisionally assigned to the following distribution types: continental Antarctic, western Antarctic, insul-Antarctic and sub-Antarctic. Caloplaca exsecuta, C. saxicola and C. phaeocarpella are recorded as new to the Antarctic region. Caloplaca johnstonii (Dodge) Søchting & Olech, comb, nov., is established as the correct name of C. tenuis Øvstedal. |
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