Evaluation of telomere length,reactive oxygen species,and apoptosis in spermatozoa of patients with oligospermia |
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| Authors: | Ria Margiana Reena Gupta Watheq Mohammed Al-Jewari Ahmed Hjazi Hashem O. Alsaab Yasser Fakri Mustafa Rajesh Singh Ruiscul Thaibt Safa Alkhayyat Ahmed Jaber Ibrahim |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia;2. Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Bharthia, India;3. Department of Medical Technology, Al Rafidain University College, Bagdad, Iraq;4. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia;5. Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia;6. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq;7. Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India;8. Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq;9. College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq;10. Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Nasiriyah, Iraq |
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| Abstract: | 50% of cases of infertility are caused by male factor, which acquired or congenital problems may bring on. Male infertility can be caused by oligospermia and asthenozoospermia, which are common. Since the same mutations that cause azoospermia in some people also cause oligozoospermia in others, oligozoospermia may be thought of as a less severe form of azoospermia. Studies have demonstrated telomere length, catalase activity, super oxide dismutase (SOD), and DNA fragmentation can be influential factors for male infertility. The amount of apoptosis, oxidative stress factors, telomere length, and DNA fragmentation were some aspects of healthy sperm that we chose to look into in this study and compare to oligospermia individuals. Oligospermia patients (n = 24) and fertile men (n = 27) semen samples were collected, and the apoptosis rate of sperms in both groups was analyzed (Flow cytometry). Also, gene expression of apoptotic and antiapoptotic markers and telomere length were examined (real-time polymerase chain reaction). The sperm DNA fragmentation kit was used to determine DNA fragmentation and to evaluate catalase and SOD activity; the specific kits and methods were utilized. Higher expression levels of caspase3 (p = .0042), caspase8 (p = .0145), caspase9 (p = .0275), and BAX (p = .0202) mRNA were observed in patients who had oligospermia. In contrast, lower mRNA expression of BCL-2 (p = .0009) was detected in this group. In addition, telomere length was decreased in the oligospermia group (p < .0001) compared to the health group. Moreover, the frequency of apoptosis is induced in patients (p = .0026). The catalase activity is low (p = .0008), but the SOD activity is high (p = .0015) in the patient group. As a result of our findings, we may list the sperm cell apoptosis rate, telomere length, the degree of sperm DNA fragmentation, and lastly, the measurement of significant and efficient oxidative stress markers like SOD and catalase in semen plasma among the principal diagnostic characteristics for oligospermia. Future studies will be better able to treat oligospermia by showing whether these indicators are rising or falling. |
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| Keywords: | apoptosis catalase and SOD activity DNA fragmentation oligospermia spermatozoa telomere length |
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