Phospholipase Dδ negatively regulates plant thermotolerance by destabilizing cortical microtubules in Arabidopsis |
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Authors: | Qun Zhang Ping Song Yana Qu Peipei Wang Qianru Jia Liang Guo Chuanpeng Zhang Tonglin Mao Ming Yuan Xuemin Wang Wenhua Zhang |
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Institution: | 1. College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China;2. National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;3. College of Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China;4. Department of Biology, University of Missouri, St Louis, MO, USA;5. Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, USA |
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Abstract: | The pattern of cortical microtubule arrays plays an important role in plant growth and adaptation in response to hormonal and environmental changes. Cortical microtubules are connected with the plasma membrane (PM); however, how the membrane affects cortical microtubule organization is not well understood. Here, we showed that phospholipase Dδ (PLDδ) was associated with the PM and co‐localized with microtubules in cells. In vitro analysis revealed that PLDδ bound to microtubules, resulting in microtubule disorganization. Site‐specific mutations that decreased PLDδ enzymatic activity impaired its effects on destabilizing microtubule organization. Heat shock transiently activated PLDδ, without any change of its PM localization, triggering microtubule dissociation from PM and depolymerization and seedling death in Arabidopsis, but these effects were alleviated in pldδ knockout mutants. Complementation of pldδ with wild‐type PLDδ, but not mutated PLDδ, restored the phenotypes of microtubules and seedling survival to those of wild‐type Arabidopsis. Thus, we conclude that the PM‐associated PLDδ negatively regulates plant thermotolerance via destabilizing cortical microtubules, in an activity‐dependent manner, rather than its subcellular translocation. |
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Keywords: | Arabidopsis thaliana heat shock Lipids cytoskeleton |
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