Development of Implant/Interconnected Porous Hydroxyapatite Complex as New Concept Graft Material |
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| Authors: | Kazuya Doi Hiroshi Oue Koji Morita Shiho Kajihara Takayasu Kubo Katsunori Koretake Vittoria Perrotti Giovanna Iezzi Adriano Piattelli Yasumasa Akagawa |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.; 2. Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti-Pescara University, Chieti, Italy.; University of Notre Dame, United States of America, |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundDental implant has been successfully used to replace missing teeth. However, in some clinical situations, implant placement may be difficult because of a large bone defect. We designed novel complex biomaterial to simultaneously restore bone and place implant. This complex was incorporated implant into interconnected porous calcium hydroxyapatite (IP-CHA). We then tested this Implant/IP-CHA complex and evaluated its effect on subsequent bone regeneration and implant stability in vivo.Methodology/Principal FindingsA cylinder-type IP-CHA was used in this study. After forming inside of the cylinder, an implant was placed inside to fabricate the Implant/IP-CHA complex. This complex was then placed into the prepared bone socket in the femur of four beagle-Labrador hybrid dogs. As a control, implants were placed directly into the femur without any bone substrate. Bone sockets were allowed to heal for 2, 3 and 6 months and implant stability quotients (ISQ) were measured. Finally, tissue blocks containing the Implant/IP-CHA complexes were harvested. Specimens were processed for histology and stained with toluidine blue and bone implant contact (BIC) was measured. The ISQs of complex groups was 77.8±2.9 in the 6-month, 72.0±5.7 in the 3-month and 47.4±11.0 in the 2-month. There was no significant difference between the 3- or 6-month complex groups and implant control groups. In the 2-month group, connective tissue, including capillary angiogenesis, was predominant around the implants, although newly formed bone could also be observed. While, in the 3 and 6-month groups, newly formed bone could be seen in contact to most of the implant surface. The BICs of complex groups was 2.18±3.77 in the 2-month, 44.03±29.58 in the 3-month, and 51.23±8.25 in the 6-month. Significant difference was detected between the 2 and 6-month.Conclusions/SignificanceWithin the results of this study, the IP-CHA/implant complex might be able to achieve both bone reconstruction and implant stability. |
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