Human dental pulp cells exhibit bone cell-like responsiveness to fluid shear stress |
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| Authors: | David Christian Evar Kraft Dorth Arenholt Bindslev Birte Melsen Jenneke Klein-Nulend |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark;2. Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Center of Dentistry Amsterdam, Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Research Institute MOVE, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;1. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;2. University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota, USA;3. Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA;4. The EMMES Corporation, Rockville, Maryland, USA;1. Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA;2. Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center and Research Service, Bruce W. Carter, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Geriatrics Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA;3. South Florida VA Foundation for Research & Education Inc., Miami, Florida, USA;4. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA;1. Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People''s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China;1. Graduate School of Life Science, CHA Stem Cell Institute, College of Medicine, CHA University, Gangnam gu, Seoul, Korea;2. CHA Bio & Diostech Co. Ltd, Gangnam gu, Seoul, Korea;3. Department of Oral Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Brain Korea 21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea;1. The Research Center for Bone And Stem Cells, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China;2. Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China;3. Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Background aimsFor engineering bone tissue to restore, for example, maxillofacial defects, mechanosensitive cells are needed that are able to conduct bone cell-specific functions, such as bone remodelling. Mechanical loading affects local bone mass and architecture in vivo by initiating a cellular response via loading-induced flow of interstitial fluid. After surgical removal of ectopically impacted third molars, human dental pulp tissue is an easily accessible and interesting source of cells for mineralized tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to determine whether human dental pulp-derived cells (DPC) are responsive to mechanical loading by pulsating fluid flow (PFF) upon stimulation of mineralization in vitro.MethodsHuman DPC were incubated with or without mineralization medium containing differentiation factors for 3 weeks. Cells were subjected to 1-h PFF (0.7 ± 0.3Pa, 5Hz) and the response was quantified by measuring nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, and gene expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2.ResultsWe found that DPC are intrinsically mechanosensitive and, like osteogenic cells, respond to PFF-induced fluid shear stress. PFF stimulated NO and PGE2 production, and up-regulated COX-2 but not COX-1 gene expression. In DPC cultured under mineralizing conditions, the PFF-induced NO, but not PGE2, production was significantly enhanced.ConclusionsThese data suggest that human DPC, like osteogenic cells, acquire responsiveness to pulsating fluid shear stress in mineralizing conditions. Thus DPC might be able to perform bone-like functions during mineralized tissue remodeling in vivo, and therefore provide a promising new tool for mineralized tissue engineering to restore, for example, maxillofacial defects. |
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