中国河口湿地研究现状及展望

河口湿地由于其发育和形成过程较为特殊，加上其丰富的动植物资源以及重要的经济地位，已成为我国湿地研究领域的一个新热点.本文在分析中国河口湿地分布与特征的基础上，从河口湿地生物多样性、河口湿地生态过程及动态变化、河口湿地的形成和发育机制、河口湿地景观格局及动态演变、河口湿地恢复与重建、河口湿地的人地关系、河口湿地与全球变化、河口湿地评价以及数字河口湿地建设等方面总结了我国河口湿地研究现状.尽管中国河口湿地研究的方向和成果已经比较丰富，但与国外相比，在技术和理念上还存在一定差距.结合国外河口湿地研究的最新动态，提出了中国河口湿地未来研究的4个重要方向：河口湿地的人地关系、河口湿地的恢复和重建、河口湿地与全球变化以及河口湿地综合信息系统建设.

Present status and prospects of estuarine wetland research in China

Estuarine wetland has become a research hotspot in China, due to its unique processes of evolution and formation, rich biodiversity, and important roles in supporting economic development. Based on the analysis of the distribution and the characteristics of estuarine wetlands in China, this paper summarized the present status of estuary wetland research in this country from the aspects of biodiversity, ecological processes and dynamic changes, mechanisms of formation and development, landscape patterns and dynamic evolution, restoration and rehabilitation, relationships between human activities and conservation, estuary wetland and global change, assessment, and construction of digital estuarine wetlands. Although great achievements have been made in various research aspects of estuary wetlands, there still existed many gaps, especially in advanced idea and technology, compared with developed countries. Combined the up-to-date research trend of estuary wetland at home and abroad, four important research hotspots in the future in China were put forward, including the relationships between human activities and conservation, restoration and rehabilitation, estuary wetland and global change, and construction of information system.