| Abstract: | ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Aging is associated with chronic low-grade inflammatory activity with an elevation of cytokine levels. An association between regular physical activity and reduction of blood levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines is demonstrated in the literature pointing to an anti-inflammatory effect related to exercise. However, there is no consensus regarding on which type of exercise and which parameters are the most appropriate to influence inflammatory markers. Evidence indicates that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) can influence the synthesis of those cytokines affecting their production. METHODS: The design is a randomized controlled trial. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of two protocols of exercises, aerobic and muscle strengthening, on the physical performance (PP) and the serum levels of sTNFR-1, sTNFR-2, IL-6, IL-10 e BDNF; and to investigate the interaction between the cytokines genes SNP and the effect of physical activity on elderly women. The main outcomes are: serum levels of sTNFR-1, sTNFR-2, IL-6, IL-10 e BDNF, measured by the ELISA method; genotyping of TNF-alpha (rs1800629), IL6 (rs1800795), IL10 (rs1800896) and BDNF (rs6265 e rs4923463) SNP by the TaqMan Method (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA); and PP assessed by Timed Up and Go, 5-chair sit to stand from a chair and 10-meter walk tests. Secondary outcomes include: Geriatric Depression Scale, aerobic capacity, assessed by the 6-minute walk and the Shuttle Walking tests; lower limbs muscle strength, using an isokinetic dinamometer (Biodex Medical Systems Inc, USA); cortisol awakening response and Perceived Stress Scale. Both exercise protocols will be performed three times a week for ten weeks, 30 sessions in total. DISCUSSION: Investigate the effect of both protocols of exercise on the levels of inflammatory cytokine levels can contribute to standardize and to guide clinical practice related to treatment and prevention of functional changes due to chronic inflammatory activity in elderly. This will be the first study to analyze the interaction between genetic factors and exercise effects in elderly. This approach could develop new perspectives on preventive and treatment proposals in Physical Therapy and in the management of the elderly patient. Trial Registration: RBR9v9cwf. |
