非水相体系酶催化反应研究进展

非水相酶催化反应是酶催化反应中的一个重要方面。非水相溶剂通常可增加底物溶解度,减少水相中的副反应,加快生物催化的速率和效率,在药物及药物中间体和食品等方面具有较大的应用价值。以下探讨了非水相体系对酶活力及酶促反应速率的影响因素,并阐述酶的化学修饰、固定化及定点突变对酶活力的影响,进一步分析无溶剂系统、反胶束、超临界流体及离子液体的不同溶剂体系对酶反应速率及催化效率的影响。此外,还列举一些非水相酶催化反应的应用实例。

Enzymatic catalysis in non-aqueous solvents

It is well known that non-aqueous enzymatic catalysis has emerged as an important area of enzyme engineering with the advantages of higher substrate solubility,increased stereoselectivity,modified substrate specificity and suppression of unwanted water-dependent side reactions.As a result,non-aqueous enzymatic catalysis has been applied in the biocatalytic synthesis of important pharmaceuticals and nutriceuticals.With the advancement of non-aqueous enzymatic catalysis in recent years,the efforts have been c...