铜绿假单胞菌的院内感染分布及耐药性的调查

目的了解铜绿假单胞菌（PA）在医院内感染的分布特点及其耐药性，指导临床合理用药，降低医院感染率。方法回顾分析2005年1月至2008年11月我院临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌152株，按WHO推荐的NC-CLS标准方法（K—B法）进行药敏试验，分析菌株的临床分布特征及体外药敏结果。结果铜绿假单胞菌在临床上主要以呼吸道感染为主。在17种临床常用抗生素中，多表现为多重耐药。美洛培南、亚胺培南及左旋氧氟沙星抗PA效果最好，耐药率分别只有14．47％、14．47和5．26％。结论多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌在临床广泛存在，应当根据临床体外药敏结果合理选择抗菌药物进行治疗，以取得良好临床效果并减少耐药菌产生；同时规范院内感染控制措施，减少耐药菌株的播散。

Survey on distribution of nosoconial Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and drug resistance

Objective To study the distribution and susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated with nosoeomial infections in our hospital. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on 152 isolates of nosoeomial Pseudo- monas aeruginosa in our hospital during Jan. 2005 to Nov. 2008 and susceptibility test was performed by K-B method according to NCCLS. Result Pseudomonas aeruginosa most/y caused nosoeomial respiratory tract infections. Most of these isolates showed multi-drug resistance to 17 commonly used antibiotics and were most susceptible to meropenem, imipenem and levofloxaein with the resistance rates of 14.47%, 14.47 and 5.26% respectively. Conclusion Multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa distributed widely in our hospital. To obtain better outcome in treatment of Pseudomonas aerugino- sa infection and reduce the occurrence of resistant strains, antimicrobial susceptibility test should be taken as a good reference. Standard nosoeomial infectious controls are also necessary to decrease the spread of resistant isolates.