小兴安岭两种林地的黏菌物种多样性

黏菌广泛分布于森林生态系统中, 并在生态系统的物质循环过程中发挥重要的功能。为了探讨黏菌在小兴安岭森林中的物种多样性及其分布, 本文对该地区的汤旺河兴安石林森林公园和胜山国家级自然保护区系统开展黏菌多样性调查研究。在2个地区共采集黏菌标本248份, 基于形态学特征共鉴定出4目8科17属44种黏菌, 其中Craterium dictyosporum、垂头绒泡菌(Physarum album)和Reticularia splendens var. jurana等10个种为黑龙江省首次报道。多样性分析结果显示, 汤旺河兴安石林森林公园针阔混交林的黏菌物种多样性(36种)高于胜山国家级自然保护区红松(Pinus koraiensis)林内的黏菌物种多样性(25种), 其中两地间共有的黏菌有17种, 黏菌物种组成的相似性(C_S)为55.7%。绿绒泡菌(Physarum viride)是针阔混交林内的优势种, 蛇形半网菌(Hemitrichia serpula)是红松林内的优势种。研究结果表明植被类型对黏菌的物种组成和多样性有着重要的影响。

Species diversity of myxomycetes in two forests of the Lesser Khinggan Mountains,China

Myxomycetes are widely distributed in forest ecosystems and play an important role in nutrient cycling. The diversity and distribution of myxomycetes in two forests of the Lesser Khinggan Mountains, China were examined in Tangwanghexing’anshilin Forest Park and Shengshan National Nature Reserve. A total of 248 samples of myxomycetes were collected and identified to 44 species belonging to 17 genera of eight families in four orders based on morphological characteristics. Ten new species were recorded in Heilongjiang Province, such as Craterium dictyosporum, Physarum album and Reticularia splendens var. jurana. The species diversity of myxomycetes was higher in Tangwanghexing’anshilin Forest Park (36 species) than in Shengshan National Nature Reserve (25 species). Among the 44 species, 17 species were found in both sites and the composition similarity (C_S) was 55.7%. Physarum viride was the most dominant species in mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests. Hemitrichia serpula was the most dominant species in Pinus koraiensis forest. This study suggests that vegetation type has an important influence on the species composition and diversity of myxomycetes.