乳腺癌免疫治疗：生物标志物、药物及疫苗

虽然近年来肿瘤的治疗取得较大进展，乳腺癌依旧是威胁女性健康的主要杀手。近年来，乳腺癌相关的免疫治疗取得较大进展，肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(TILs)、程序性死亡受体 1(PD 1)及其配体PD L1、肿瘤突变负荷等肿瘤标志物对乳腺癌免疫治疗具有预测作用，并与乳腺癌的预后相关。免疫检查点抑制剂，例如PD-1/PD-L1及细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原4(CTLA 4)抑制剂在乳腺癌中取得极大进展，各期临床试验结果显示不同的效用。肿瘤疫苗的使用为乳腺癌免疫治疗的另一途径，虽然部分疫苗在临床试验中取得较好成效，但绝大多数仍需深入研究，乳腺癌免疫治疗之途仅为开端，依旧需要大量研究。本文简要介绍了乳腺癌免疫治疗相关的生物标志物、免疫检查点抑制剂以及肿瘤疫苗的研究进展。

Research Progress Biomarkers of Immunotherapy and treatment In Breast Cancer

Recent years, immunotherapy has shown great progress in breast cancer. Biomarkers, such as Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, PD-1/PD-L1, tumor mutation burden, etc. can predict Immune checkpoint inhibitors response and have prognostic value. Using monoclonal antibodies to block the inhibitory molecule CTLA-4 and/or the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in breast cancer has achieved great advance. Many clinical trials have been carried out in evaluating clinical response of ICI, but not all the patients benefit from these treatments. Although part of breast cancer vaccines are used for primary or secondary prevention and some are used for therapeutic, it still needs deep research about their clinical significance. Immunotherapy in breast cancer is still on its early age, there is a long way to go. This review summarizes the progress of biomarkers, immune checkpoint inhibitors and tumor vaccines in the immunotherapy of breast cancer.