The effect of chloramphenicol and cycloheximide on lipid synthesis during chloroplast development in Euglena gracilis |
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| Authors: | D G Bishop R M Smillie |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Plant Physiology Unit, CSIRO Division of Food Preservation, Ryde, England;2. School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia;1. Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, Canada;2. Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil;1. Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str, Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece;2. Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute (CPERI), CERTH, 6th Km Harilaou‑Thermi Road, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece;3. Biochemical and Chemical Process Engineering, Division of Sustainable Process Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden;1. Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, PR China;3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin, PR China;4. Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China;1. Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, Athens 15780, Greece;2. Industrial Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering Group “BiotecnIA”, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Galicia, Spain;3. Chemical Process Engineering Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, Athens 15780, Greece;1. Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece;2. Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute (CPERI), CERTH, 6th km Harilaou-Thermi Road, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece |
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| Abstract: | The action of two inhibitors of protein synthesis, chloramphenicol and cycloheximide, on the production of lipids during chloroplast formation in the unicellular alga Euglena gracilis has been investigated. Under conditions where chloramphenicol prevented chlorophyll and chloroplast protein formation, the production of the galactolipids, monogalactosyl diacylglycerol, and digalactosyl diacylglycerol was also inhibited, although phospholipid synthesis was not affected. At low concentrations of cycloheximide (2.5 μg/5 × 106 cells), cell division was completely inhibited, but after an initial lag period of about 12 hr, chlorophyll production began at an accelerated rate. After 72 hr illumination, such cells contained substantially more chlorophyll than control cultures. Higher concentrations of cycloheximide increased the lag period before chlorophyll production began. Phospholipid production was severely inhibited in cycloheximide-treated cells, but the production of galactolipids showed the same pattern as that of chlorophyll, a lag phase followed by a period of accelerated synthesis. Cycloheximide also affected the molar ratio of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol to digalactosyl diacylglycerol, and the fatty acid composition of the galactolipids. The galactolipids of cycloheximide-treated cells contained increased amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids containing 16 or 18 carbon atoms. |
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