Retinoic acid induction of stress proteins in fetal mouse limb buds |
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| Authors: | J F Anson W G Hinson J L Pipkin R F Kwarta D K Hansen J F Young E R Burns D A Casciano |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China;2. Tianjin Environmental Sanitation Engineering Design Institute, Tianjin 300201, China;3. School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China;4. School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;5. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;6. Tianjin Architecture Design Institute, Tianjin 300074, China;7. Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo 0349, Norway;8. College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China;1. Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China;2. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China;3. Ocean College of Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China;1. Department of Agriculture, Himalayan University, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, India;2. Department of Agriculture, Zila Parishad Agriculture College, Banda, Uttar Pradesh, India;3. ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India;4. Department of Manufacturing & Development, Nextnode Bioscience Pvt. Ltd., Kadi, Gujarat, India;5. CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10 Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India;6. Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India;7. Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India;8. Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India |
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| Abstract: | Retinoic acid (RA) is teratogenic in rodent embryos. Several teratogens have been shown to induce the synthesis of a subset of heat shock proteins (stress proteins) in Drosophila. To determine if RA induces the synthesis of these proteins in rodent embryos, pregnant ICR mice were dosed with 100 mg/kg RA on Day 11 of gestation. Forelimb buds were removed from embryos 2.5 hr post-RA-treatment and nuclei were isolated, stained, and sorted from stages of the cell cycle. Nuclear proteins were extracted and analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Nuclear proteins with molecular weights of approximately 84 and 25 kDa were synthesized in embryos in the G0 + G1 phase after pregnant dams were treated with RA. Isoelectric points, molecular weights, immunochemical blotting, and polypeptide mapping demonstrated that these proteins are indistinguishable from stress proteins isolated under a variety of conditions from rat submaxillary glands and mouse lymphoma cells. These results suggest that treatment with RA induces the synthesis of a subset of stress proteins; the role of these proteins in the teratogenic effects of RA is not known. |
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