Thymine DNA Glycosylase Is a CRL4Cdt2 Substrate |
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Authors: | Tamara J Slenn Benjamin Morris Courtney G Havens Robert M Freeman Jr Tatsuro S Takahashi Johannes C Walter |
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Institution: | From the Departments of ‡Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and ;§Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.;the ¶Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, and ;the ‖Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 |
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Abstract: | The E3 ubiquitin ligase CRL4Cdt2 targets proteins for destruction in S phase and after DNA damage by coupling ubiquitylation to DNA-bound proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Coupling to PCNA involves a PCNA-interacting peptide (PIP) degron motif in the substrate that recruits CRL4Cdt2 while binding to PCNA. In vertebrates, CRL4Cdt2 promotes degradation of proteins whose presence in S phase is deleterious, including Cdt1, Set8, and p21. Here, we show that CRL4Cdt2 targets thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG), a base excision repair enzyme that is involved in DNA demethylation. TDG contains a conserved and nearly perfect match to the PIP degron consensus. TDG is ubiquitylated and destroyed in a PCNA-, Cdt2-, and PIP degron-dependent manner during DNA repair in Xenopus egg extract. The protein can also be destroyed during DNA replication in this system. During Xenopus development, TDG first accumulates during gastrulation, and its expression is down-regulated by CRL4Cdt2. Our results expand the group of vertebrate CRL4Cdt2 substrates to include a bona fide DNA repair enzyme. |
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Keywords: | Base Excision Repair (BER) DNA Methylation DNA Replication E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Xenopus CRL4-Cdt2 Proteolysis Thymine DNA Glycosylase (TDG) |
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