Hypoglycemic activity and mechanism of the sulfated rhamnose polysaccharides chromium(III) complex in type 2 diabetic mice |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology Applied to the Improvement of Cultures, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia;2. Chemistry Laboratory of Natural Substances, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, PB 802, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia;3. Unité de Valorisation des Bioressources des zones arides, Facuty of Sciences of Gabes, Tunisia;4. Department of Endocrinology, CHU Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisia;5. Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tunisia |
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| Abstract: | The sulfated rhamnose polysaccharides found in Enteromorpha prolifera belong to a class of unique polyanionic polysaccharides with high chelation capacity. In this study, a complex of sulfated rhamnose polysaccharides with chromium(III) (SRPC) was synthesized, and its effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet was investigated. The molecular weight of SRPC is 4.57 kDa, and its chromium content is 28 μg/mg. Results indicated that mice treated by oral administration of SRPC (10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg body mass per day) for 11 weeks showed significantly improved oral glucose tolerance, decreased body mass gain, reduced serum insulin levels, and increased tissue glycogen content relative to T2DM mice (p < 0.01). SRPC treatment improved glucose metabolism via activation of the IR/IRS-2/PI3K/PKB/GSK-3β signaling pathway (which is related to glycogen synthesis) and enhanced glucose transport through insulin signaling cascade–induced GLUT4 translocation. Because of its effectiveness and stability, SRPC could be used as a therapeutic agent for blood glucose control and a promising nutraceutical for T2DM treatment. |
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| Keywords: | Chromium Glucose metabolism Hypoglycemic Mice Sulfated rhamnose polysaccharides Man" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0035" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" mannose Rha" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0045" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" rhamnose GlcA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0055" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" glucuronic acid GalA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0065" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" galacturonic acid Lac" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0075" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" lactose Glc" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0085" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" glucose Xyl" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0095" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" xylose Gal" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0105" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" galactose Ara" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0115" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" arabinose Fuc" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0125" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" fucoidan FER" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0135" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" food efficiency ratio (FER (%) = [total body weight gain (g)/total food intake (g)] × 100%) IR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0145" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" insulin receptor IRS-1" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0155" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" insulin receptor substrate-1 IRS-2" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0165" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" insulin receptor substrate-2 PI3K" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0175" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" phosphoinositide 3-kinase PKB" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0185" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" protein kinase B GLUT4" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0195" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" glucose transporter 4 GSK-3β" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0205" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" glycogen synthase kinase 3β qRT-PCR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0215" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction |
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