A case study on implantation strategies to mitigate coronary obstruction in a patient receiving transcatheter aortic valve replacement |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA;2. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA;3. Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinics, Rochester, Minnesota, USA;1. Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, nam Sitna 3105, Czech Republic;2. Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic;1. Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics (LaBS), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Milan, Italy;3. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy;4. Cardio Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy;1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States;2. Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique Textiles, Mulhouse, France;2. Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada;3. Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;4. Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands;6. Hospital México, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica |
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| Abstract: | Coronary obstruction is a life threatening complication during and post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The objective of this preliminary work is to investigate the mechanisms underlying coronary obstruction in a patient after TAVR, in whom coronary obstruction was confirmed in addition to highlighting the importance of pre-procedural planning. The aortic root of an 80-year old male patient with coronary obstruction during TAVR–where a 29 mm SAPIEN 3 was deployed-was segmented from Computed Tomography scans and 3D-printed with compliant material. Flow and pressure data were acquired in this 3D-printed model in-vitro using a pulse duplicator under physiological conditions for the cases: a 29 mm SAPIEN 3, a 26 mm SAPIEN 3 expanded with a 29 mm balloon, and a 31 mm Medtronic-CoreValve deployed annularly, supra and sub-annularly respectively. Only the CoreValve in sub-annular axial position and the 29 mm SAPIEN 3 yielded pressure gradients (PG) lower than 10 mmHg (6.76 ± 0.52 and 5.72 ± 0.13 mmHg respectively) while the 26 mm SAPIEN 3, CoreValve in normal and supra-annular positions yielded higher PGs (15.5 ± 0.48, 12.2 ± 0.15 and 10.8 ± 0.24 mmHg respectively). 29 mm SAPIEN 3 implantation yielded an FFR value of 45.7 ± 0.6%. However, 31 mm CoreValve in any of the three different annular positions yielded FFR values going from 89.6 ± 1.1% in supra-annular position to 98.3 ± 1.1% in sub-annular position. Implantation with a 26 mm SAPIEN 3 expanded with a 29 mm balloon also yielded an FFR of 92.1 ± 1.2%. Coronary obstruction in this patient could have been prevented through usage of different valve types and/or through usage of a different combination of valve size-balloon sizes. |
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| Keywords: | Transcatheter aortic valve replacement TAVR Coronary obstruction Fractional flow reserve FFR |
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