T2 relaxation time measurements in tibiotalar cartilage after barefoot running and its relationship to ankle biomechanics |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;2. Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;3. Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;4. Radiology Department, Auckland District Health Board, New Zealand;1. McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;2. Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;3. Section of Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;4. Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;5. Bone & Joint Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, AB, Canada;1. Orthopedist, AposTherapy Research Group, Herzliya, Israel;2. Physiotherapist, AposTherapy Research Group, Herzliya, Israel;3. Physiotherapist, Department of Physical Therapy, Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel;4. Clinical Researcher, AposTherapy Research Group, Herzliya, Israel;5. Medical Doctor, AposTherapy Research Group, Herzliya, Israel;6. Orthopaedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Barzilay Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel;1. IMT Atlantique, LaTIM U1101 INSERM, UBL, Brest, France;2. University of Western Brittany, LaTIM U1101 INSERM, CHRU of Brest, Brest, France;3. Service d’Imagerie Médicale, Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Brest, LaTIM U1101 INSERM, France;4. Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, CHRU Brest, LaTIM U1101 INSERM, France;5. Service d’Imagerie Médicale, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, CHRU Brest, LaTIM U1101 INSERM, France;2. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Associação de Assistência a Criança Deficiente, AACD Rehabilitation Centre, São Paulo-SP, Brazil;3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA;4. Department of Anthropology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH;2. Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA;3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA;4. Department of Radiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, 4th Medical College of Peking University, Beijing, China |
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| Abstract: | The influence of ankle kinematics and plantar pressure from mid-range barefoot running on T2 relaxation times of tibiotalar cartilage is unknown. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the T2 relaxation time of tibiotalar cartilage and ankle biomechanics following 5 km barefoot running. Twenty healthy runners (who had no 5 km barefoot running experience) underwent 3.0-Tesla magnetic resonance (MR) scans and assessment of running gait before and after 5 km barefoot running. Participants were divided into two groups consisting of marathon-experienced (n = 10) and novice (n = 10) with equal number of males and females in each group. Three musculoskeletal radiologists measured T2 relaxation times in 18 regions of the ankle cartilage: anterior zone, central zone, and posterior zone, or lateral, middle, and medial sections in the sagittal plane. Three-dimensional ankle kinetics, kinematics, and plantar pressure were all also assessed during barefoot running. In the novice group, the T2 relaxation time in the posterior zone of tibial cartilage (p = 0.001) and lateral section in both tibial (p = 0.02) and talar (p = 0.02) cartilage were significantly increased after barefoot running. Ankle kinematics exhibited significant changes in females. Plantar loading was shifted from the medial to lateral aspect after running. This included a significant reduction in the loading under the toes and the 1st, 2nd and 3rd metatarsals, with a significant increase under the 4th and 5th metatarsals and lateral midfoot. The results suggest that plantar pressure may directly lead to local increases in cartilage T2 signal, which was not associated with changes in ankle kinematics. |
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| Keywords: | Ankle cartilage MRI Gait analysis Barefoot run Plantar pressure T2 mapping |
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