Intraspecific variation of Eolophiodon laboriense,a basal Lophiodontidae (Mammalia,Perissodactyla) from the early Eocene of Southern France |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Cc 064, place Eugène-Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France;2. Association Paléontologique du Sud-Ouest (APSO), 13, chemin des Telles, 31360 Roquefort-sur-Garonne, France;3. Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse, 35, allées Jules-Guesde, 31000 Toulouse, France;4. 103, avenue F. Mitterand, 31800 St. Gaudens, France;1. Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, PR China;2. College of Palaeontology, Shenyang Normal University, 110034 Shenyang, PR China;3. College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 266590 Qingdao, Shandong, PR China;4. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2 Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada;5. School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn, 6012 Wellington, New Zealand;1. Institute of Earth Sciences, St. Petersburg State University, 16 Liniya 29, St. Petersburg 199178, Russia;2. Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya ul. 18, Kazan 420008, Russia;3. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA;4. Great Basin National Park, Baker, NV, USA;1. Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la investigación s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico;2. Grupo de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Paseo de la Senda del Rey 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain;3. Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico;4. Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico;1. Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, centre de recherches en paléontologie — Paris (MNHN, CNRS, Sorbonne université), Sorbonne université, CP 38, 8, rue Buffon, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France;2. Association Port Vivant, 6, rue des Réservoirs, 76600 Le Havre, France;3. UMR 6118, CNRS, géosciences Rennes, université Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France;4. 18, rue Délivrande, 14000 Caen, France |
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| Abstract: | The Lophiodontidae is an emblematic and well-documented Eocene family of perissodactyls from Western Europe. However, after more than a century and a half of studies, lophiodontids still display a complex systematics associated with blurry intraspecific variation and a poorly known early radiation. The locality of La Borie, located near the city of Toulouse, France, has yielded numerous remains of Eolophiodon laboriense. This abundance of remains allows for the first time the study of the intraspecific variation of a basal lophiodontid. The variation has been investigated for dental and cranio-mandibular characters, notably dental polymorphism, size variation and sexual dimorphism. The intraspecific variation of E. laboriense is high with more than 20 polymorphic characters of the dentition, including many additional crests and conules. This dental polymorphism is similar to the one observed in the Bartonian lophiodontid Lophiodon lautricense. E. laboriense also displays an important degree of sexual dimorphism, with male specimens having broader and longer mandibles with larger canines than females. Despite this high intraspecific variation, the low size variation of teeth and the consistency of diagnostic characters strengthen the validity of the genus Eolophiodon and does not impact the previous lophiodontid phylogeny. |
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| Keywords: | Ypresian Lophiodontid Perissodactyl Western Europe Dental morphology Polymorphism Sexual dimorphism |
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