Small,movement dependent perturbations substantially alter postural control strategy in healthy young adults |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory for Neuromechanics and Biorobotics, Department for Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jo?ef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia;2. Faculty of Health Sciences and Andrej Maru?i? Institute, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia;3. Laboratory for Motor Control and Motor Behaviour, S2P, Science to Practice Ltd., Ljubljana, Slovenia;1. F. Joseph Halcomb III, M.D. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA;2. Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;1. Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil;2. Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium;3. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium;5. Bioengineering and Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil;1. Institute of Physical Education, Health, and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan;2. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada;2. Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Katz Group Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada;3. Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital, Alberta Health Services, 10230 – 111 Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta T5G 0B7, Canada;1. Department of Veterans Affairs and Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Baltimore, MD;2. Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD;3. Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD;1. Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;2. College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA;3. Kinesiology Program, School of Behavioral Sciences and Education, Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, PA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Postural control is commonly investigated by observing responses to perturbations. We developed a perturbation paradigm mimicking self-generated errors in weight shifting, which are a common cause of falling among older adults. Our aim was to determine the effects of this small, but complex, perturbation on postural sway of healthy young adults and evaluate the role of vision and cognition during movement dependent perturbations. Fifteen participants stood hip-width apart with their eyes open, closed and while performing two different cognitive tasks. Participants were continuously perturbed by medial-lateral (ML) support surface translations corresponding to, and hence doubling, their own center of mass sway. We analyzed the standard deviation (SD), root mean square (RMS), range, and mean power frequency (MPF) of center of pressure displacements. ML postural sway increased due to the perturbation (SD p ≤ .001, range p < .001, RMS p ≤ .001, MPF p < .001). Cognitive load increased the ML sway range (p = .048). Lack of vision increased ML MPF (p = .001) and anterior-posterior (AP) range (p < .001), SD (p < .001), and RMS (p = .001). Significant interaction of vision with the perturbation was found for the ML range (p = .045) and AP SD (p = .018). The perturbation specifically affected ML postural sway. Increased MPF is indicative of a postural control strategy change, which was insufficient for fully controlling the increased sway. Despite being small, this type of perturbation appears to be challenging for young adults. |
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| Keywords: | Postural control Perturbations Balance Dual tasking Vision |
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