应用形态、染色体和分子特征研究我国雷氏按蚊的分类鉴别(双翅目:蚊科)

为确定可靠的雷氏按蚊Anopheles lesteri Baisas et Hu.1936分类鉴别特征，对采自不同地区的雷氏按蚊进行了形态、染色体和分子特征的观察和分析。检视了辽宁、广东现场标本，江苏实验室品系的成蚊、虫卵特征，描述了染色体核型，并测定了采自广东、辽宁、河南和云南4省的现场标本，以及江苏、海南和广西实验室品系的核糖体DNA间隔2区（ITS2）和D3序列。结果显示成蚊、虫卵形态变异较大，不具备稳定、明确的鉴别特征；染色体核型具有多态现象，性染色体X、Y分别有3个和2个类型，可分为染色体型A与B；唯有ITS2分子序列具有客观、稳定的种间差异，系雷氏按蚊可靠、可行的鉴别特征。

Identification of Anopheles lesteri in China (Diptera: Culicidae) : Morphologic Characters, Chromosome Karyotype and Molecular Markers

The study aimed to evaluate the methods that are currently used for the identification of Anopheles lesteri. The specimens of An. lesteri from different locations in China were studied on the morphology, karyotypes and rDNA sequences. The egg and adult morphologic characters were compared for the field mosquitoes from Liaoning, Guangdong and the mosquitoes from a laboratory colony originally from Jiangsu. The metaphase karyotypes of larval brain cells were observed for these specimens. The ribosomal DNA ITS2 and D3 regions were sequenced for the specimens from four provinces (Guangdong, Liaoning, Henan and Yunnan) and three laboratory colonies (Jiangsu, Hainan and Guangxi). The results showed that morphologic characters of egg and adult were variable largely among specimens, indicating that morphological identification is not reliable. The karyotypes were polymorphic; there were three types in X chromosome and two types in Y chromosome, which can be grouped into two karyotypic forms, A and B. The ITS2 sequence showed the interspecific differences, turning out to be the only objective and reliable molecular marker for the identification.