薇苷菊乙醇提取物对桔全爪螨种群的控制作用

研究薇苷菊(Mikaniamicrantha)乙醇提取物对桔全爪螨(Panonychuscitri)种群的控制作用,并比较其与常用杀螨剂哒螨灵的效果.在实验室用0.1、0.2、0.4g·L^-13个浓度提取物分别喷布桔全爪螨卵、幼螨和若螨,除了01g·L^-1浓度处理对卵没有效果外,该处理幼螨、若螨存活率以及另2个浓度处理3个螨态的存活率都显著下降.在非选择性试验条件下,用这3个浓度的提取物处理叶片饲养的桔全爪螨雌螨繁殖量显著减少,寿命也显著缩短.在田间用这3个浓度的提取物在20d内连喷2次,桔全爪螨卵、幼螨和若螨的存活率都低于对照,干扰作用控制指数分别为0518、0.292、0.277,即对种群增长控制的效果分别为4.82%、70.8%、72.3%,比15%哒螨灵乳油2000倍处理更有效控制桔全爪螨的田间种群.田间试验结果还表明,提取物处理的叶片比对照和哒螨灵处理的浓绿,而且对桔全爪螨的天敌较安全

Control effects of Mikania micrantha alcohol extract on citrus red mite Panonychus citri

This study showed that spraying 0.2 and 0.4 g x L(-1) Mikania micrantha alcohol extracts on Panonychus citri could significantly decrease the survival rates of P. citri eggs, larvae and nymphs, and 0.1 g x L(-1) M. micrantha alcohol extract could also significantly decrease the survival rates of larvae and nymphs. In a no-choice test, both the fecundity and the longevity of female P. citri fed on the leaves treated with all three test concentrations 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 g x L(-1) of M. micrantha alcohol extracts were significantly reduced, compared with those fed on alcohol-treated leaves. In a field experiment, the efficacy of M. micrantha alcohol extracts at three test concentrations was compared with water, alcohol, and 15% Pyridaben, an acaricide widely used in commercial control of red mite in sweet orange orchards. The survival rates of P. citri eggs, larvae and nymphs in all three M. micrantha treatments were lower than the control, and the interference index of population control (IIPC) was 0.518, 0.292 and 0.277, respectively, while the IIPC for the Pyridaben treatment was 0.945, with a control efficacy of only 5.52%. M. micrantha extract had an increased control effect with its increasing concentration, and was safer to natural enemies than 15% Pyridaben. The leaves in the three M. micrantha treatments were less damaged, and their color was much deeper than that of the other three treatments. Therefore, M. micrantha alcohol extract provided a better control of citrus red mite populations than Pyridaben.