Mutations affecting the cytochrome d-containing oxidase complex of Escherichia coli K12: identification and mapping of a fourth locus, cydD

A mutant of Escherichia coli K12 has been isolated affected in a gene, designated cydD, distinct from the three previously described loci involved in the synthesis of assembly of the cytochrome bd oxidase complex. The mutant, obtained by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis, lacks the spectroscopically detectable components of this oxidase, namely cytochromes b558, b595 and d. Cytochrome oxidase o is the sole CO-binding cytochrome in membranes of the mutant, but the soluble haemoprotein b-590 and catalase activity appear unaffected. Discrimination between Cyd+ and Cyd- strains is facilitated by the development of a defined low-phosphate medium that allows the inclusion of Zn2+ as well as azide, inhibitors of respiratory electron transfer particularly via cytochrome o. Mapping with F-prime factors and by P1 cotransductional frequencies shows the mutation to map near 19.3 min on the E. coli chromosome, distinct from cydC, which maps at 18.9 min. The gene order in this region was tested in a three-factor cross and demonstrates the order zbj::Tn10(YYC199)-cydD-aroA, consistent with cotransduction frequencies.