流感病毒在无动物细胞的细菌共生培养基里的培养研究

流行性感冒病毒流行时,在一些病人的上呼吸道里,常可以见到流感病毒和一些细菌(如甲型链球菌、葡萄球菌、流感杆菌等)共存,以往的实验也证明它们的关系比较密切。此试验发现:流感病毒在仅有甲型链球菌生长的培养基中有自我复制的现象,共生培养的病毒经过一系列的病毒学实验方法,证明确实是流感病毒。流感病毒在共生培养基里与它在鸡胚里的生长曲线基本相同,共生培养基里,只要细菌生长,流感病毒就能生长,在不同的温度(15℃、22℃、37℃)条件下,流感病毒和细菌的生长趋势出现密切的平行关系。甲型链球菌以外的其它细菌,如乙型链球菌、肠球菌、葡萄球菌、酵母菌、革兰氏阳性杆菌等菌株也能与流感病毒共生,只有个别的菌株不共生。共生培养的流感病毒能在较低的温度(22℃)环境下保持它的活性达2个月之久;在8℃的环境里,流感病毒也能共生繁殖,经过长期低温共生培养,其致病性减弱;流感病毒和其它两种病毒能在同一共生培养基里共生繁殖。实验研究中还简要讨论了共生的机理和实际应用等问题。

Cultivation of influenza virus in the bacteria symbiotic medium without animal cells

The influenza virus would be coexisted with relatively pure form of H. influenza alpha-streptococcus、staphylococcus at the respiratory tracts of the patients during the epidemic of influenza and some investigators paid attention to the possible synergism of the virus and bacteria. Based on such an observation we tried to cultivate the influenza virus with growing alpha-streptococcus in the culture medium without animal cells and found excellent growth of the virus in the symbiotic medium. The grown virus was identified as the influenza virus by a series of virology detections.The growth curve of the virus in the symbiotic medium was just same as that of the virus in chicken embryo and the growth of the virus was closely related to the growth of bacteria at the different temperature such as 15℃, 22℃ and 37℃ respectively. Beside symbiosis with the alpha-streptococcus, the virus readily grew with the other species of the microorganisms in the symbiotic medium such as staphylococcus, enterococcus、yeast and gram positive small bacillus with different activity. The virus grew in the symbiotic medium stored at 25℃, which would maintain the activities after 2 months storage.The virulence was reduced to mice as the virus grew at 8℃ and the virus could grow with the other two rinds of viruses in the same symbiotic medium. The practical use of this new method was described and a discussion was made as to the mode of replication of the virus in the symbiotic medium.