中国稻种资源收集、保存和更新现状

截止2003年,我国共编目稻种资源77541份,其中各种类型所占百分比大小顺序为:地方稻种(68.68%)、国外引进稻种(12.65%)、野生稻种(9.45%)、选育稻种(6.96%)、杂交稻"三系"资源(2.09%)、遗传标记材料(0.16%);在国家长期库中共保存稻种资源69133份,其中各种类型所占百分比大小顺序为:地方稻种(71.38%)、国外引进稻种(12.16%)、野生稻种(8.09%)、选育稻种(6.52%)、杂交稻"三系"资源(1.54%)、遗传标记材料(0.18%)、其他(0.12%).加强选育品种、品系、突变体的收集和保存;重视国外稻种资源的收集与引进;开展地方稻种的纯系筛选与保存;持续开展稻种资源的繁种更新;开展已筛选优异种质资源的确认和提供利用,这是今后稻种资源收集和保存工作的重要研究任务.

Status of Collection, Conservation and Propagation of Rice Germplasm in China

Up to 2003, 77541 accessions of rice germplasm have been catalogued. Among them, the order of occupied percentage of several types in totally catalogued rice germplasm was local rice (68.68%), introduced rice (12.65%), wild rice (9.45%), improved rice (6.96%), three-line hybrid rice (2.09%) and genetic marker(0.16%). 69133 accessions of rice germplasm were conserved in national long term gene bank. Among them, the order of occupied percentage of several types in totally conserved rice germplasm was local rice (71.38%), introduced rice (12.16%), wild rice (8.09%), improved rice (6.52%), hybrid rice (1.54%), genetic marker (0.18%) and others (0.12%). There are very important research missions to conduct the collection and conservation of improved varieties, lines and mutants, the introduction of foreign rice germplasm, the line selection of local rice, the propagation of rice germplasm, the confirmation and utilization of selected excellent rice germplasm in the collection and conservation of rice germplasm.