The major lipid cores of the archaeon <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ignisphaera aggregans</Emphasis>: implications for the phylogeny and biosynthesis of glycerol monoalkyl glycerol tetraether isoprenoid lipids |
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Authors: | Chris S Knappy Charlotte E M Nunn Hugh W Morgan Brendan J Keely |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK;(2) Centre for Extremophile Research, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK;(3) Thermophile Research Unit, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand; |
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Abstract: | The lipid cores from Ignisphaera aggregans, a hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeon recently isolated from New Zealand hot springs, have been profiled by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The
distribution revealed includes relatively high proportions of monoalkyl (also known as H-shaped) tetraether cores which have
previously been implicated as kingdom-specific biomarkers for the Euryarchaeota. Such high expression of monoalkyl tetraether lipids is unusual in the archaeal domain and may indicate that formation of
these components is an adaptive mechanism that allows I. aggregans to regulate membrane behaviour at high temperatures. The observed dialkyl tetraether and monoalkyl tetraether lipid distributions
are similar but not fully concordant, showing differences in the average number of incorporated rings. The similarity supports
a biosynthetic route to the ring-containing dialkyl and monoalkyl tetraether lipids via a dialkyl tetraether core containing
zero rings, or a closely related structural relative, as an intermediate. Currently, however, the precise nature of the biosynthetic
route to these lipids cannot be deduced. |
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