The effects of cannibalism on Amazonian poison frog egg and tadpole deposition and survivorship in Heliconia axil pools |
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Authors: | Kyle Summers |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA e-mail: summersk@mail.ecu.edu, Tel.: +1-919-3286725, US |
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Abstract: | This study investigated the influence of cannibalism on egg and larval mortality, and on the deposition strategies of adults,
in a tropical anuran breeding in very small leaf axil pools. Patterns of egg and tadpole deposition and mortality in the Amazonian
poison frog, Dendrobates ventrimaculatus, were monitored in rainforest near Pompeya in Sucumbios Province, Ecuador. Oviposition and tadpole deposition typically ocurred
in leaf axils of Heliconia plants. Pools typically received more than one oviposition. Egg survivorship was low, and significantly lower when eggs were
deposited in pools with large tadpoles, indicating that cannibalism is an important source of mortality. Tadpole survivorship
was also associated with the presence of other tadpoles: most pools ended with only one surviving tadpole, regardless of the
number of tadpoles deposited in the pool. Egg deposition was signifcantly less likely for pools that had a tadpole in them,
suggesting that adults can detect the presence of tadpoles and avoid ovipositing in pools that contain them. This hypothesis
was tested with a series of pool choice experiments, which revealed that D. ventrimaculatus avoid placing either eggs or tadpoles into a pool which contains a large tadpole. Several hypotheses which could explain
multiple deposition in this species are discussed.
Received: 14 September 1998 / Accepted: 25 January 1999 |
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Keywords: | Cannibalism Frogs Dendrobates Reproduction Tadpole |
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