Evaluation of support materials for the immobilization of sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanogenic archaea |
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| Authors: | Silva A J Hirasawa J S Varesche M B Foresti E Zaiat M |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Environment and Chemistry Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China;1. College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China;2. Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China;3. Institute of Agricultural Engineering, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;1. School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China;2. School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China;1. Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China;2. College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China;3. Modern Agricultural Engineering Key Laboratory at Universities of Education Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 843300, China;4. Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Seferi 2, 30100, Agrinio, Greece;5. Laboratory of Alternative Fuels and Environmental Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, GR, 50100, Greece |
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| Abstract: | This paper reports on the adhesion of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and methanogenic archaea on polyurethane foam (PU), vegetal carbon (VC), low-density polyethylene (PE) and alumina-based ceramics (CE). Anaerobic differential reactors fed with a sulfate-rich synthetic wastewater were used to evaluate the formation of a biofilm. The PU presented the highest specific biomass concentration throughout the experiment, achieving 872 mg TVS/g support, while 84 mg TVS/g support was the maximum value obtained for the other materials. FISH results showed that bacterial cells rather than archaeal cells were predominant on the biofilms. These cells, detected with EUB338 probe, accounted for 76.2% (+/-1.6%), 79.7% (+/-1.3%), 84.4% (+/-1.4%) and 60.2% (+/-1.0%) in PU, VC, PE and CE, respectively, of the 4'6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-stained cells. From these percentages, 44.8% (+/-2.1%), 55.4% (+/-1.2%), 32.7% (+/-1.4%) and 18.1% (+/-1.1%), respectively, represented the SRB group. Archaeal cells, detected with ARC915 probe, accounted for 33.1% (+/-1.6%), 25.4% (+/-1.3%), 22.6% (+/-1.1%) and 41.9% (+/-1.0%) in PU, VC, PE and CE, respectively, of the DAPI-stained cells. Sulfate reduction efficiencies of 39% and 45% and mean chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies of 86% and 90% were achieved for PU and VC, respectively. The other two supports, PE and CE, provided mean COD removal efficiencies of 84% and 86%, respectively. However, no sulfate reduction was observed with these supports. |
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