乙型肝炎病毒胎内及围产期传播的研究

对78名HBsAg携带者母亲的新生儿系列血清,用ELISA检测抗-HBc·IgM,有5名出生后48小时血清阳性滴度在1:1,000以上,占6％。有3名母血HBeAg阳性的新生儿,其脐血、出生后48小时足跟血及以后的连续血清标本HBsAg均阳性,且滴度趋于升高。母血抗-HBc·IgM均阴性。认为前者可能为HBV眙内感染,后者为母血通过胎盘溃面直接进入胎儿血循环所致。

A STUDY ON INTRANTERINE AND PERINATAL TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS FROM CARRIER MOTHERS TO THEIR INFANTS

A total of 78 infants .born to HBsAg carrier mothers were tested by RIA and ELISA for the presence of HBV markers in serial blood specimens taken from the first 48 h.to 6 months after delivery.Three out of 78 infant sera tested showed the presence of HBsAg antige-nemia both in cord and heel blood at birth and the titers of HBsAg increased thereafter.Neither anti-HBs, nor the anti-HBc IgM in appreciable titer be detected in infant and maternal blood.We considered that these infants may be infected directely by maternal blood via leaked capillaries of placenta, so cal- led microtransf usion at labor time.Five out of 78 infants were positive for anii-HBc IgM alone (except one case who was also HBsAg positive at low titer ) in their heel blood at birth with a titer greater than 1 : 1000 by ELISA.Three of them ( including the one with low HBsAg at birth ) became HBsAg positive after 3 months.No detectable anti-HBc IgM in maternal blood was found.These facts suggest that the int-rauterine infection may have occured.The laboratory characteristics of these cases and the possible mechanism involved are disscused.