Excitation-contraction coupling of the developing rat heart

Postnatal maturation of rat heart is characterized by increases in force production, velocity of shortening and heart rate. Simultaneously with the enhanced cardiac power production the size of ventricular myocytes markedly increases. Parallel increase in cardiac rate functions and cells size would be expected to require reorganization of cardiac Ca regulation so that adequate rate of Ca release and uptake can be maintained. In accordance with this the source of activator Ca shifts from extracellular space to intracellular stores within the first four or five weeks of postnatal life. Calcium handling of sarcoplasmic reticulum and sarcolemma change in complementary manner so that diminishing sarcolemmal Ca transport is compensated with enhanced Ca release and sequestration by the sarcoplasmic reticulum during the early postnatal development of rat heart. These functional changes are partly due to reciprocal alterations in surface area of sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum, partly due to age-dependent changes in the expression of different transport systems and their kinetic properties.