Valoración del estado nutricional en Geriatría: declaración de consenso del Grupo de Nutrición de la Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología |
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| Institution: | 1. Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, España;2. Área de Geriatría, Clínica Los Manzanos, Grupo Viamed, Logroño, La Rioja, España;3. Centro Dr. Villacián, Valladolid, España;4. Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, España;5. Área de Accesibilidad Universal, Ayuntamiento de Málaga, Málaga, España;1. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte, Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, España;2. Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España;1. Programa de Geriatría, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, ĹHospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España;2. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, España;3. Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, España;1. Unidad Geriátrica de Agudos, Hospital Universitari de Vic/Consorci Hospitlari de Vic, Vic., Vic, España;2. Unidad Territorial de Geriatría y Cuidados Paliativos, Consorci Hospitlari de Vic/Hospital Universitari de la Santa Creu de Vic,Vic, España;3. Centro de Estudios Sociales y Sanitarios (CESS)/Cátedra de Cuidados Paliativos. Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya,Vic, España;4. Data Analysis and Modeling Research Group, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya,Vic, España;1. Servicio de Geriatría, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, España;2. Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España;3. Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España;4. Unidad de Geriatría, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España |
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| Abstract: | Ongoing population ageing is one of the factors influencing the increase in the prevalence of undernutrition, as elderly people are a vulnerable group due to their biological, psychological and social characteristics.Despite its high prevalence, undernutrition is underdiagnosed in the geriatric sphere. For this reason, the aim of this consensus document is to devise a protocol for geriatric nutritional assessment. A multidisciplinary team has been set up within the Spanish Society of Geriatrics and Gerontology (in Spanish Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología SEGG]) in order to address undernutrition and risk of undernutrition so that they can be diagnosed and treated in an effective manner.The MNA-SF is a practical tool amongst the many validated methods for nutritional screening. Following suspicion of undernutrition, or after establishing the presence of undernutrition, a full assessment will include a detailed nutritional history of the patient. The compilation of clinical-nutritional and dietetic histories is intended to help in identifying the possible risk factors at the root of a patient's undernutrition. Following this, an anthropometric assessment, combined with laboratory data, will describe the patient's physical and metabolic changes associated to undernutrition. Currently, the tendency is for further nutritional assessment through the use of non-invasive techniques to study body composition in association with functional status. The latter is an indirect index for nutritional status, which is very interesting from a geriatrician's point of view. To conclude, correct nutritional screening is the fundamental basis for an early undernutrition diagnosis and to assess the need for nutritional treatment. In order to achieve this, it is fundamental to foster research in the field of nutritional geriatrics, in order to expand our knowledge base and to increasingly practice evidence-based geriatrics. |
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| Keywords: | Elderly Undernutrition Nutritional assessment Fat free mass Functional status |
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