Brown adipose tissue: Updates in cellular and molecular biology |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;2. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;3. Department of Radiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;4. Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;5. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;6. Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, Galveston, TX 77550, USA;7. The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;1. Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology – Group of Nutrigenomics and Obesity (NUO), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain;2. Alimentómica S.L, Palma de Mallorca, Spain;1. Clore Life Sciences, University of Buckingham, Buckingham MK18 1EG, UK;2. Obesity Biology Unit, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK;3. College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia |
| |
| Abstract: | Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is mainly composed of adipocytes, it is highly vascularized and innervated, and can be activated in adult humans. Brown adipocytes are responsible for performing non-shivering thermogenesis, which is exclusively mediated by uncoupling protein (UCP) -1 (a protein found in the inner mitochondrial membrane), the hallmark of BAT, responsible for the uncoupling of the proton leakage from the ATP production, therefore, generating heat (i.e. thermogenesis). Besides UCP1, other compounds are essential not only to thermogenesis, but also to the proliferation and differentiation of BAT, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family, PPARgamma coactivator 1 (PGC1)-alpha, and PRD1-BF-1-RIZ1 homologous domain protein containing protein (PRDM) -16. The sympathetic nervous system centrally regulates thermogenesis through norepinephrine, which acts on the adrenergic receptors of BAT. This bound leads to the initialization of the many pathways that may activate thermogenesis in acute and/or chronic ways. In summary, this mini-review aims to demonstrate the latest advances in the knowledge of BAT. |
| |
| Keywords: | Brown adipose tissue Brown adipocytes Non-shivering thermogenesis Uncoupling protein 1 Obesity |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
