甲酸乙酯对松材线虫的熏蒸效果

【背景】在溴甲烷面临禁用的情形下，探讨新熏蒸剂甲酸乙酯对松材线虫的处理效果，可以科学地评估甲酸乙酯的使用前景。【方法】采用松材线虫分离液和带疫松木段，设置甲酸乙酯5个剂量梯度、5个处理温度和5个处理时间，测定其对松材线虫的毒力及CT值。【结果】在25℃下处理3、6、12、24、48h，甲酸乙酯对松材线虫的Lc50分别为2．63、1．60、0．99、0．41、0．20mg·L-1。温度对毒力有显著影响，在10～29℃，随温度升高，甲酸乙酯对松材线虫的毒力降低，19和29℃下，1．85mg·L-1甲酸乙酯处理松材线虫的死亡率分别为63％和100％。甲酸乙酯熏蒸12h内，能完全杀灭木段中的松材线虫。在23℃下处理6和12h，松材线虫死亡率达到99％时，甲酸乙酯的cr值分别为453．94和424．14mg·h-1·L-1。【结论与意义】甲酸乙酯可用于松材线虫的检疫处理。

Study on the fumigation of ethyl formate against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

[ Background ] Studying the new fumigant, ethyl formate against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus can be useful in the advent of methyl bromide being phased out. [ Method] The toxicity and concentration-time product of ethyl formate were tested indoor against nematode isolated from pine wood. [ Result] The LCso of B. xylophilus to ethyl formate in 3,6, 12, 24 and 48 h at 25℃ were 2.63, 1.60, 0.99, 0.41 and 0.20 mg·L-1, respectively. The toxicity of ethyl formate was significantly affected by temperature, with B. xylophilus mortality decreasing from 63% at 19℃ to 100% at 29℃ for a concentration of 1.85mg·L-1 ethyl formate treatment. The ethyl formate fumigation could completely kill nematodes with 12 hours exposure time. The LCt99 of ethyl formate for B. xylophilus were 453.94 mg·h·L-1 after 6 h exposure and 424.14 mg·h·L-1 after 12 h exposure. [ Conclusion and significance ] The results confirm that ethyl formate could be used as a fumigant against B. xylophilus.