根田鼠的活动代谢率

在15～30℃温度范围内, 运用踏车呼吸室以5 m/min, 10 m/min 和15 m/min 的运动速度, 对栖息于青海高原的根田鼠的代谢率、体温、蒸发失水进行了测定, 并计算了每个温度和运动速度时的热传导率。根田鼠的体温在任一速度时, 随环境温度的增加而增加, 当环境温度一定时, 体温随运动强度而升高, 代谢率随运动速度增加而增加。活动产热在低温条件下, 可能是对寒冷产热的替代, 而在比较缓和的温度时, 可能是对冷诱导产热的附加。温度一定时, 蒸发失水随运动速度增加而增加, 热传导也呈相似的变化趋势(15℃除外)。热传导在任一运动速度下, 随环境温度增加而增加。结果表明蒸发散热在高温或活动期间对根田鼠的体温调节有不可替代的作用。

LOCOMOTION ENERGETICS AND THERMOREGULATION IN ROOT VOLES (MICROTUS OECONOMUS )

The metabolic rate, body temperature and evaporative water loss were measured atdifferent ambient temperatures (Ta) between 15～30℃while the root vole (Microtus oeconoums) were running in a treadmill respirometer at 5, 10, 15 m/min. Body temperature increased with increasing ambient temperature at a given velocity of runing and increased with increasing velocity of running at a given ambient temperature. Them etabolic rate increased with velocity at a given Ta. At low T_a the heat produced by locomotion seems to be substitutive for that due to cold exposure, and at moderate T_a the activity thermogenesis seems to be additive to that due to cold exposure. The evaporative water loss was increased 2.1 to 2.7 times over resting levels the animals were running15 m / min at ambient temperatures of 15℃, 20℃ and 30℃. At a given T_a the therm alconductance of root vole was greater during activity than that of at rest except at 15℃,and increased with increasing T_a at given velocity. The heat loss by evaporation play an important role in thermoregulation at high T_a or during activity for root vole.