内蒙古主要植被类型与气候因子关系的研究

利用地理信息系统工具,以最新的植被类型图为依据,在统计、建模和空间模拟区域气候因子的基础上,对内蒙古主要植被类型与气候的关系进行了分析,并获得适宜的气候范围.结果表明,内蒙古植被空间分布表现出明显的规律性.一方面,随着距离海洋的远近变化,无论是地带性植被,还是山地垂直带、沙地及低湿地植被,从东向西均反映出地带分异,水分对于这种东西向更替更为重要.另一方面,热量的差异导致纬向上的变化.此外,热量成为大兴安岭东西两麓发育的林缘草甸、草原、灌丛和低湿地等植被类型空间分布的主导因素.

Relationship between main vegetation types and climatic factors in Inner Mongolia

The relationship between main vegetation types and climate factors in Inner Mongolia was analyzed by using up to date vegetation map,statistics,modeling and spatial simulation of regional climatic factors under the support of GIS.The feasible climatic range of spatial distribution of plant communities was derived from overlaying vegetation map and climate maps.The results showed that the vegetation distribution was obviously in accordance with climate.On the one hand,all the types,not only zonal vegetation,but also mountain,sandy land and low land communities changed gradually from east to west due to the distance to oceans,with a zonal differentiation,Precipitation played an important role in determining this regulation.On the other hand,latitudinal replacement of plant communities occurred with the change of temperature from north to south.In addition,temperature was also the key factor controlling the spatial distribution of vegetation types,such as meadow,steppe,shrub and low land communities on the east and west sides of Daxinganling Mountains.