Amphiphilic hollow carbonaceous microsphere-encapsulated enzymes: Facile immobilization and robust biocatalytic properties |
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| Institution: | 1. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China;2. School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China;3. Shandong Xiaguang Industrial Co., Ltd., Jining 272000, PR China;1. Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Santa Mônica, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Energias Renováveis e Meio ambiente do Pontal (LERMAP), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 38302-000, Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil;3. Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil;4. Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil;1. Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Analysis and Testing Center, Key Laboratory of Applied Photochemistry, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;3. Department of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;4. Institute of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Medical University, No. 136, Hanzhong Avenue, Nanjing, China;1. Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxin Road, Beijing 100853, PR China;2. Medical College, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China;1. Department of Orthopaedics, Zhu Jiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510282, PR China;2. Anatomical Institute of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510515, PR China;3. Department of Anatomy, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanbian 133002, PR China;4. Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, PR China |
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| Abstract: | This study reports a general strategy for the encapsulation of various enzymes in amphiphilic hollow carbonaceous microspheres (CMs). We found that enzymes could be spontaneously encapsulated in the interior cavity of the CMs via hydrophobic interactions. Due to strong hydrophobic interactions and robust confinement, leaching of the physically adsorbed enzymes is substantially restricted. As a novel immobilization matrix, the CMs display many significant advantages. They are capable of encapsulating a wide range of proteins/enzymes of different sizes, which can then be used in both aqueous and organic media and retain high activity, stability, and excellent reusability. Moreover, CMs could be considered as efficient microreactors that provide a favorable microaqueous environment for enzymes in organic systems. Therefore, this doubly effective and simple immobilization approach can be easily expanded to many other enzymes and has great potential in a variety of enzyme applications. |
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| Keywords: | Enzyme Encapsulation Amphiphilic hollow carbonaceous microspheres Adsorption Organic medium |
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