基于分子印迹技术的细菌传感检测

分子印迹因其材料结构的稳定性及靶标物识别的特异性而被广泛应用于生化分离分析的相关领域。近年来,将具有选择性捕获、分离和富集靶标物等优势的分子印迹技术与生化传感检测技术有机结合,是目前细菌等微生物高效检测领域备受关注的研究热点。本文就分子印迹技术在细菌分析中的印迹方法、分析检测技术和典型应用等方面的最新进展进行综述。首先介绍了细菌分子印迹原理,对表面印迹的材料以及直接压印、间接印迹和电聚合等制备方法进行了总结和归纳;重点对基于荧光、电化学、石英晶体微天平（QCM）等检测模式的细菌印迹传感监测在细菌分析检测及其与微流控芯片技术耦合的应用和进展进行了综述;最后,提出了存在的挑战及发展的趋势。

Molecular Imprinted Technology-based on Sensing Detection of Bacteria

Molecular imprinted technology has been applied to identify template molecules by using molecular imprinted polymers to simulate the interaction between enzymes and substrates or antibody and antigens. In recent years, to meet the needs of efficient microbial detection, bacteria, cells and other microbial imprinted technologies has been gradually derived from molecular imprinted technology, which was of the advantages of selective capture, effective separation and enrichment of targets, and easy to integrate sensing detection technology and so on. In this review, the latest advances of bacteria imprinted technology were introduced and summarized, including imprinting materials, imprinting mechanisms, detecting techniques and their typical applications. Firstly, the principle of bacteria imprinting was introduced. The materials of surface imprinting and the preparation methods of direct imprinting, indirect imprinting and electropolymerization were summarized. The applications and progress of bacteria imprinted sensing monitoring based on different analytical methods, such as fluorescence, electrochemistry, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and so no, were discussed in details. Especially, the analytical methodology based on microfluidic chip integrated with bacteria molecular imprinting was presented. Finally, the existing challenges of related fields and developing trends were put forward. It was illustrated that the imprinting technologies for bacteria, cells and other microbial could be widely adopted in the fields of biochemical separation and analysis because of its stability of material structure and specificity of target identification.