Isolation and characterization of halophilic Archaea able to produce biosurfactants |
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Authors: | S Kebbouche-Gana M L Gana S Khemili F Fazouane-Naimi N A Bouanane M Penninckx H Hacene |
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Institution: | (1) Faculty of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, U.S.T.H.B, Algiers, Algeria;(2) Department of Biology, University M’Hamed Bougara of Boumerdes, 1st November Avenue, 35000 Boumerdes, Algeria;(3) Centre of Research and Development, Laboratory of Corrosion, SONATRACH, Avenue of 1st November, 35000 Boumerdes, Algeria;(4) Service of Physiology and Microbial Ecology, England Avenue 642, 11180N Brussels, Belgium |
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Abstract: | Halotolerant microorganisms able to live in saline environments offer a multitude of actual or potential applications in various
fields of biotechnology. This is why some strains of Halobacteria from an Algerian culture collection were screened for biosurfactant
production in a standard medium using the qualitative drop-collapse test and emulsification activity assay. Five of the Halobacteria
strains reduced the growth medium surface tension below 40 mN m−1, and two of them exhibited high emulsion-stabilizing capacity. Diesel oil-in-water emulsions were stabilized over a broad
range of conditions, from pH 2 to 11, with up to 35% sodium chloride or up to 25% ethanol in the aqueous phase. Emulsions
were stable to three cycles of freezing and thawing. The components of the biosurfactant were determined; it contained sugar,
protein and lipid. The two Halobacteria strains with enhanced biosurfactant producers, designated strain A21 and strain D21,
were selected to identify by phenotypic, biochemical characteristics and by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The strains
have Mg2+, and salt growth requirements are always above 15% (w/v) salts with an optimal concentration of 15–25%. Analyses of partial
16S rRNA gene sequences of the two strains suggested that they were halophiles belonging to genera of the family Halobacteriaceae,
Halovivax (strain A21) and Haloarcula (strain D21). To our knowledge, this is the first report of biosurfactant production at such a high salt concentration. |
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Keywords: | Halobacteria Screening Biosurfactant Surface tension |
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